Psychotherapy is the treatment of mentally unwell and emotionally disturbed persons with psychological methods. It is also called clinical intervention because it is the clinical psychologist trying to influence the behaviour of a mentally or emotionally disturbed person by using his professional capacity. In general, psychotherapy treatment is beneficial for psychiatric patients who suffer from psychoneurosis. It is also used with patients of other types of mental diseases such as psychosis, but in addition to psychotherapy, it is imperative to give medical treatment to such patients.

In psychotherapy, there is communication between the patient and the doctor, through which the patient expresses his emotional problems and mental concerns and the doctor establishes self-confidence and self-esteem in the patient by giving special sympathy, suggestions, and advice. It goes on dying out and the ability to adjust properly in it again develops.

 In order to better address the nature of psychotherapeutic interventions, it is necessary to know three fundamental facts inherent in psychotherapy:

1. Participants:- There are two participants in psychotherapy, the first client and The second is the therapist. A client is one in whom emotional and mental disturbance becomes so much that he needs the help of a professional. In such a situation, the second participant is the therapist who uses his experience and his training to help the client deal with his disturbance.

Empathy in a therapist It is necessary to have genuineness, non-judgmental, understanding, sensitivity skills.

1. Therapeutic Relationship:-Counselling means having a better relationship with the patient as well as having trustful bounding. Only then can better counselling be possible. The most important thing in counselling is to bring out the inner emotion. There are all kinds of techniques for this, but the most important thing is that the patient trusts you. Counselling is not meant to give advice, but to enable the client to solve the problem. Self-understanding can be created in it.3)
2. Techniques of Psychotherapy:-

• Fostering insightReducing
• Emotional Discomfort
• Encouraging Catharsis
• Providing New Information
• Developing Faith and Expectancy for change

 Goals and Purposes of Psychotherapy

• To change the maladaptive behaviour of the patient
• To develop interpersonal relationship and other competencies of the patient
• To reduce inner conflicts and personal tension of the patient

 Strengthening the patient's motivation to do the right things etc.

           Types of psychotherapy:-

1). psychodynamic therapy

There are five types of psychodynamic therapy:-

• Freud's psychoanalytic theory
• Adler's individual therapy
• Jung's analytical therapy
• Brief psychotherapy
• Object relation therapy
• Interpersonal psychodynamic therapy

2). Behaviour Therapy.

3). Cognitive Behaviour Therapy:-

• Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy
• Cognitive Therapy
• Stress-Inoculation Therapy
• Multi-Model Therapy

4). Humanistic-Experiential Therapy:-

• Client-Cantered Therapy
• Existential Therapy
• Gestalt Therapy
• Logo therapy
• Fixed-Role Therapy

5). Group Therapy:-

• Psychodrama
• Family Therapy
• Marital or couple Therapy
• Transactional Analysis
• Encounter Group Therapy